Explore, Experience, Express

English Version

最近我了解了一下国外对在学习教学环境里使用反思的方法和实践的研究。我发现有不少的大学和研究机构已经开始进行了各方面的探索和研究，并开始形成一个很有影响的趋势。有的大学的一些课程是用反思的方法为中心来教学的，鼓励学生通过对自我的感觉和反思去主动性的学习，当然这对老师和其教学方式都有一定的要求。有的大学在教学中穿插反思的练习，以让学生的学习更加的主动和深入。

但这些所有的研究，我都没有发现有利用软件和互联网的力量来系统的进行的。这就是开源学习的研究所特别专注的地方。另外的不同是，我们这里更注重问题的解决。虽然我们也努力形成对学习/教学的整体的理解和建立系统的理论，但这些也都是以解决问题为导向的，为的是帮助大众更好的认识什么是学习。还有就是，对我来说，反思并不仅仅是学习的辅助，其是学习的核心。这是学习的本来的面目！

下面我想讲讲这样的反思学习工具和相应的学习平台如何能够提供一种融合了实践，体验，和系统知识的学习。（现有的学校里的传统学习是知识与实践/体验完全脱节的。）

首先，这是一个自学的工具。个人可以用这个工具来帮助自己自学。它也可以用在学校的课堂教学的环境里。也可以被用在p2p的学习小组里。

比如，在老师教学的课堂上，老师可以描述一下这个学习领域里的知识。（这里详细的请见英文版）

通过将反思的原则，方法和实践融入到学习和教学中去，这将从根本上改变如今学校里的传统的教学方式。学校里的传统的教学方式知识是以灌输的方式为基本的特征，缺乏和实践和学生反思以及自我感觉的结合。而我们期望未来的学习和教学是比较好的把知识系统和学生的实践反思紧密结合起来，强调学生通过多方面的实践来理解形成系统的知识，并让知识体系更好的从人们的生活需求中来。这些曾经是很难系统的做到并做好的。我期望通过互联网和软件，我们可以形成新的教学和学习方式。而大学的课程，或者各种培训中心，可以开始考虑采用这样的方式了。

这是我看到的美国的教育在走的路。我想这条路是可以将目前的整个传统的体系扭转过来，真正实现未来的生活中的学习的！

Here we propose a new representation of knowledge. Simply put, it is wiki+twitter, which we call WikiNote here at osl. You can take a look of the site: http://3exps.org/wiki/index.cgi/WikiNote

Wiki has been invented particularly for knowledge cooperation. It has the following features:

• It is easy to edit and create a new page. You don’t need to upload to a website as you often need to do with non-wiki sites.
• Anyone (normally)  can edit.
• It is visioned. It keeps a history of all the edits.

So wiki means quick editing cooperation on the web. However, any knowledge comes from experiences, especially Significant Experiences. In the writing of the wiki, people are working with their experiences internally in their minds. However, that process is not captured by the software. And once the wiki page is written, no one can see those Significant Experiences, and thus the Significant Experiences are lost in the process. For the learners, it becomes difficult for them to try repeating those experiences to achieve the same understanding of the knowledge represented via wiki. Furthermore, since no Significant Experiences are captured, no one can cooperate based on those experiences. And we know people share experiences. Many of them are similar. These are the building blocks of knowledge.

So to better represent knowledge, we propose adding twitter to the picture. So we have the twitter-like snippets here at Knowledge Engine, and we are going to attach that to the wiki. So when people view the wiki page, they also see the Significant Experiences that are shaping and driving the knowledge. They can further cooperate by working on those Significant Experiences directly, producing knowledge together. Teachers can also join the efforts, by providing feedback on those Significant Experiences directly. Actually they are not teachers, they are just more experienced learners. They learn together with other learners, and their role of teaching emerge naturally. Thus we bridge the gap btw learners and teachers.

前两天和个朋友交流，问到Christopher Alexander讲的生命度的概念，和教育有什么关系？